Mosquitos, Ticks, and Trouble: How to Survive the Summer

Surviving the summer isn’t just about beating the heat, it’s also about avoiding what bites. Mosquitos and ticks thrive during warmer months—active in the spring, summer, and fall in Missouri—bringing with them more than just itchy skin.

In this article, we will explain how to prevent, spot, and treat tick and mosquito bites, including what to do if you develop a bite-related infection.

Tiny bites, major risks: Here’s what to know

There's no doubt that tick and mosquito bites are annoying, but they also carry diseases with symptoms that outlast the pesky itch most of us notice.

“Mosquito-borne diseases include West Nile virus and Zika virus, which can cause flu-like symptoms, neurological problems, or birth defects,” says Jessica Snyder, MD, a board-certified family physician at Saint Luke's Mercer County Clinic. “If you have been bitten by a mosquito in an area where these diseases are common, watch for any signs of illness and seek medical attention if needed.”

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), tick bite symptoms may include a bull's-eye rash, fever, headache, and joint pain.

“Some ticks transmit diseases, such as Lyme disease or Rocky Mountain spotted fever,” Dr. Snyder says. “If you find a tick attached to your skin, remove it carefully with tweezers and save it in a sealed container for identification.”

The best way to avoid the complications of tick and mosquito bites and the diseases they carry is to prevent bites in the first place. Sometimes that's easier said than done, but there are some protective measures you can take:

• Wear long-sleeved shirts, pants, socks, and shoes when you go outdoors, especially in wooded or grassy areas where ticks and mosquitoes are common.
• Use insect repellents that contain DEET, picaridin, IR3535, or oil of lemon eucalyptus on your skin and clothing. Follow the instructions on the label and reapply as needed.
• Inspect your body and attire for ticks following outdoor activities. Use a mirror or ask someone to help you inspect hard-to-reach areas.

From bite to better in three easy steps

Most tick and mosquito bites can be treated at home with simple remedies to ease symptoms. Here are some tips to follow:

1. Wash the bite area with soap and water to prevent infection.
2. Apply a lotion, cream, or paste that contains calamine, antihistamine, or corticosteroid to soothe the skin and reduce your urge to scratch the bite.
3. Take an oral antihistamine, such as cetirizine (Zyrtec®) or loratadine (Claritin®), to relieve itching and inflammation.