Reducing Risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs): Posture

Standing, sitting, and moving incorrectly all increase your risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Why? Because posture problems overwork your body. They strain your muscles and tendons and stress your joints. With a little adjustment, however, you can correct most posture problems. Whatever you do, try to stay in a near-neutral position and work within easy reach. Tasks take less force when you work from a stable base. Take your knowledge of ergonomic principles home with you.

Stay near neutral

Side view of man standing with ears, shoulders, hips, and ankles aligned.

Whether you're standing or sitting, a neutral posture places the least amount of stress on your body.

To find a neutral posture, line up your ears, shoulders, and hips. Keep your head upright and relax while you do this. If you're holding your breath or your shoulders are creeping toward your ears, try again. Your shoulders should be level, with your arms relaxed at your sides. You can rest your body by returning to neutral as often as possible. Other helpful positions and suggestions include:

  • Keep your hands, wrists, and forearms straight and parallel to the floor.

  • Keep your head level, facing forward, and in line with your torso.

  • Your feet should be supported by the floor, and your thighs and hips supported by a padded seat.

  • If you're sitting, it's important that you maintain a neutral posture by following the given suggestions: d

Work within reach

Keep your work within 14 to 18 inches of your body, depending on your size. Reaching too far can be awkward. It also reduces your muscle power, so you need to use more force. Never lock a joint by extending it until it can't go any farther. Also, try not to reach overhead or behind your back if you can help it. If you can't, return to neutral as soon as possible.

Support your body off the job

Have you thought about your posture while you clean the house or watch TV? Anytime you're not using a neutral posture, you might be straining muscles or joints. Just sitting on a sagging sofa every evening could be enough to strain your back. Remember these tips:

  • Check your furniture for ergonomic features, such as adjustable height, lumbar support, and correct cushioning. When relaxing, support your body so you're comfortable and not twisted. On a couch or chair, put a rolled-up pillow behind your back to support it.

  • No matter what you're doing (cooking, cleaning, carpentry), work within reach. Prevent excessive bending and twisting, or using excessive force.

  • You can apply principles of ergonomics in your kitchen as well:

  • Make sure that your mattresses provide adequate support and promote good posture. An old, sagging, lumpy mattress can be doing your body harm. What's best is a comfortable mattress that's firm but has enough cushion to support your body's natural curves. This provides better rest. And it gives your body a chance to recover from the demands of the day.